March–AprilSow under cover in pots and reserve space for the substantial young plants.
- Germination and temperature
- Germinate in bright, sheltered conditions according to seed guidance; protect young plants from severe cold.
- After emergence
- Give seedlings light immediately after emergence. A dark loft needs suitable grow lights; warmth alone is insufficient. Ventilate and keep the compost moist without saturating it.
- Pricking out and potting on
- Prick out once the first true leaves are manageable. Hold a seedling by a leaf. Pot on when the roots fill the root ball.
- Hardening off and planting out
- Gradually acclimatise indoor-raised plants to sun, wind and outdoor temperatures; shelter them again on cold nights. Plant sturdy plants in a spacious, sheltered position; assess cold sensitivity for each type.
Early propagation does not guarantee a first-year harvest. Globe artichoke and cardoon have different harvest aims.
Sources and use
Royal Horticultural Society · Artisjokken kweken ↗Soort- of productgebonden bron; buitenlandse perioden zijn geen vaste Nederlandse zaaidatum.
Utah State University Extension · Artichoke in the garden ↗Soort- of productgebonden bron; buitenlandse perioden zijn geen vaste Nederlandse zaaidatum.
Guideline periods for the Netherlands and Flanders. Check the variety, available light, soil and measured temperatures. Greenhouse heating does not guarantee enough winter light.